Lake Powell Water Forecasting with Snowpack Data

Building an interactive tool that forecasts Lake Powell water levels using USGS elevation data and NOAA snowpack measurements from 10 SNOTEL stations.

Lake Powell's water level is critical infrastructure for the American Southwest. I built an interactive forecasting tool that combines real-time USGS elevation data with NOAA snowpack measurements to project future reservoir levels.

The Data Pipeline

The tool pulls daily elevation readings from USGS Water Services and snowpack water-equivalent data from 10 SNOTEL monitoring stations. A GitHub Actions job runs daily to cache data and generate forecast snapshots for backtesting.

The Forecasting Model

The model uses a mass-balance approach linking snowpack water equivalent to spring net storage gain, achieving an R-squared of 0.899. Users can adjust snowpack scenarios and water release rates via interactive sliders to explore different trajectories. Hindcast validation shows plus or minus 4-foot accuracy for typical operating years.